GUIDELINES FOR COLLECTION/HARVESTING AND POST - HARVEST MANAGEMENT OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

I. Ramhmul damdawi sengkhawm :- Ramhmul damdawi te hi damdawi atana hman tangkai tur lai chu a zung, a kawr, a kung, a hnah, a par, a rah, a chi emaw a kung pumpui pawh a ni thei.Ramhmul damdawi thlai te hi bung hrang engemaw lai te lak tur a nih avangin, a thlai than tibuai lo leh tichhe lo thei ang ber hun a sengkhawm hi a pawimawh hle a ni. A sengkhawm lai a hriattur pawimawh zual te chu :-

1. Thlai zung (Underground parts)

(i) Kum khat atan chauh a chin thlai zung laih tur te chu a thlai puitlin huna lak tur a ni.

(ii) Thlai kumhlun zung lak tur a nih chuan thal lai a lak a tha a, kum hnih thlai a nih chuan a kum khatna favangah emaw a kum hnihna thal laia lak tur a ni.

(iii) Thlai zung hriak pai chi a nih chuan a hriak pai te hloh tam lo tura fimkhur taka lak a ngai a ni.

(iv) Thlai zung emaw a bul nei chi (Rhizome) lak tur a nih chuan a chi a chan hunah chauh lak tur a ni.

(v) Thlai zungpui ber lak tur a nih chuan thlai bul vel a thlai dang te tichhe lo thei anga laih tur a ni.

(vi) Thlai zung atanga tihpun chi a nih chuan a zung thenkhat zuah a lak tur a ni.

(vii)Thlai zung lam chi leihnuai atanga lak te chu silfai nghal tur a ni a. Chimi hnu-ah dah ro a, a tul anga pack tur a ni a. A kawr kheh emaw chan tur emaw a nih chuan silfai phawt a kheh/chan a, tih ro chauh tur a ni.

   2. Annual Herbs/Whole Plants

(i) A thlai pum a lak tur a nih chuan thlai a kuhmum lai emaw a par lai emaw a lak tur a ni.

(ii) Thlai chin zawng zawng te chu a vai a seng zo vek lova, a then tihpun leh tura zuah a tha.

(iii) Kumkhat thlai, abikin herbs te chi te, a zam chi te leh grass lam chi te hi thlai dang/hnim dang nen a inpawlh duh em em a, chuvangin seng zawh veleh a thliar nghal a pawimawh.

(iv) Aromatic plants-a a bung hrang no lai bik, a par te hi nisa-ah pho ve loh tur a ni a. Fur lai a seng a nih phei chuan a hul ta tihah daihlimah sawn vat tur a ni.

   3. A kung kawr

(i) Kum khat atan chauh a chin thlai zung laih tur te chu a thlai puitlin huna lak tur a ni.

(ii) Thlai kumhlun zung lak tur a nih chuan thal lai a lak a tha a, kum hnih thlai a nih chuan a kum khatna favangah emaw a kum hnihna thal laia lak tur a ni.

(iii) Thlai zung hriak pai chi a nih chuan a hriak pai te hloh tam lo tura fimkhur taka lak a ngai a ni.

(iv) Thlai zung emaw a bul nei chi (Rhizome) lak tur a nih chuan a chi a chan hunah chauh lak tur a ni.

(v) Thlai zungpui ber lak tur a nih chuan thlai bul vel a thlai dang te tichhe lo thei anga laih tur a ni.

(vi) Thlai zung atanga tihpun chi a nih chuan a zung thenkhat zuah a lak tur a ni.

(vii)Thlai zung lam chi leihnuai atanga lak te chu silfai nghal tur a ni a. Chimi hnu-ah dah ro a, a tul anga pack tur a ni a. A kawr kheh emaw chan tur emaw a nih chuan silfai phawt a kheh/chan a, tih ro chauh tur a ni.

   4. A kung (Stem or Wood)

(i) A zar puitling a ziding leh zar tha dang te thlan a tha. Kum tin kung ngai a mi lak loh tur a ni.

(ii) A zar sengkhawm te chu a pack awlsam theih dan tur aleh a tihro awlsam theih dan tur a chansawm tur a ni.

(iii) A theih chuan ni a pho ro tur a ni.

   5. A hnah (Leaves)

(i) A hnah sengkhawm chi a nih chuan a kung puitling, mahse a par hma si a seng tur a ni a, A hnah tam vanglai a seng tur a ni. Bio-agents atan a hman tur chi a nih chuan a par hnu a lak pawh a pawi lo.

(ii) Thlai hrisel lo leh quality chhe lutuk chu seng loh tur.

(iii) A hnah thenkhat tal zuah tur a ni a, a hnah no lutuk chu seng loh tur a ni.

(iv) A kung leh zar vel paih fai vek tur a ni.

(v) Hnah sengkhawm sa chu a huh a nih loh chuan nisa ah pho loh tur. A huh a nih chuan nisa-ah pho hul a, daihlimah suan lehvat tur a ni.

(vi) Hnah ro pack tur chu a ro chiang ngei tur a ni a, a ro chian loh chuan a lo hmuar a, a chhe mai thin.

(vii) Hnah hriak pai chi a nih chuan, a hriak pai te tihtlem phah loh nan tisawm/tichhe lova pack tur a ni.

(viii) Khua in a zir loh emaw thlai in a chhiat phah theih hun lai chuan hnah seng chi te hi seng loh a tha, seng a ngai anih pawhin tlem tlem chauh seng tur a ni.

(ix) Thlai hnah zum lai chuan seng hrih loh a tha.

(x) A thlai chawrno tam lai pawh nise, a hnah chang te a duah that lai a nih loh chuan seng duham loh tur a ni.

(xi) Mei leh ran te leh thildang in thlai a tihkhawloh lai chuan seng duham loh tur a ni.

   6. A par (Flower and floral parts)

(i) A par seng tur a nih chuan a par parh hma emaw a parh hlim a seng hian a par rimtui (aroma) a bo lova, a tha a ni.

(ii) A kuhmum te chu zingah seng ila, a bawmtu rannung te thinthlak a awlsam.

(iii) A par hriak pai chi te chu a hriakpai te a bo loh nan uluk taka seng tur a ni.

(iv) Thlai zam chi te, hnim buk (shrubs) lam chi te leh thing lam chite anih chuan vawi khatah a par lak vek loh tur a ni a, a chi atanga tihpunna tur zuah thin tur a ni.

(v) A par chhungmu vel chauh lak tur a nih chuan a par puitling/chang tawh a ni ngei tur a ni.

(vi) A par sengkhawm te hi nisa-ah pho loh tur a ni a. A par chhah chi (Madhuca indica) a nih erawhchuan nisa-ah pho hul phawt a, daihlimah suan leh tur a ni.

(vii) Ramhmul damdawi par te hi ro tha taka pack hnu-ah daihlimah dah tur a ni.

1. Bawngek leitha        -     10 - 15kg (tin khat vel)

2. Neemcake          -     1.5kg

3. Nitrogen (Urea-in)       -     50gms

4. Phosphorous (SP/DAP in)     -     30gms

5. Potash (MoP)         -     30gms.

   7. A rah leh a chi (Seeds)

(i) Damdawi atana lak tur chu a rah emaw a chi emaw a nih chuan a rah hmin leh a chi chang tawh chauh lak tur a ni a, Apiaceae family ho erawh chu a hmin/chang hma a lak tur a ni.

(ii) Thing leh hnim buk (shrubs) atang chuan a rah tha 10 - 15% tal, tihpun leh tur zuah a tha. Chutiang bawkin kumkhat thlai ho pawh a rahleh chite vawikhat a seng zawh vek loh tur a ni.

(iii)Thing lam chi ah te, a rah lawh awlsam nan a zar thlak loh tur.

(iv) A rah hel leh a chhia te chu paih tur a ni.

(v) A rah lawh zawh veleh Cold Storage emaw a sawisakna hmunah dah vat tur a ni.

(vi) A chi (seeds paih ngai te a nih chuan hralh hma a paihfai tur a ni.

(vii)A tul dan a zirin a rah te chu a tihro leh packing awlsam nan chansin tur a ni.

(viii)A rah tih ro ngai te chu pack hma in a ro tha ngei a ni tih fiah tur a ni.

   8. A hnai (Geems & resins)

(i) A hnai lak dawnin a thingkungin a tawrh/chhiat phah loh nan fimkhur tak a a kung rin/zai tur a ni a, a hnai lak zawhah fungicide/Bactericide hnawih tur a ni.

(ii) A hnai khawlna tur bur chu ruah leh sava te’n an tihbawlhhlawh theih lova siam tur a ni.

(iii) A kung dam fel hnu-ah chauh a hnai lak leh tur a ni.

(iv) A hnai taksa tana hlauhawm chi, vun ti kang thei anih chuan bur phui tha taka dah a, Inflamable Material emaw tar tur a ni.

(v) A hnai tihtam nan a kung bulah mei hal loh tur a ni.

(vi) A kung naupang atangin a hnai lak loh tur.

(vii) A hnai hi khawlum laiin a tam duh bik a, chuvangin June - October inkara lak a fuh ber a ni.

(viii) Hmanraw hriam tak hmanga vawikhatah thui deuh rin/zai hian a hnai a tam duh a, a pem a dam hma zawk bawk a ni. A bial zawng emaw kikawi taka rin/zai hian a hliam a dam har a ni.

(ix) A hnai chu a kungah luan khal tir mai lovin, mau emaw coconut kawr hmanga dawh tur a ni.

(x) Kung khatah hmun hnih hmun thuma hnai a nih chuan, kum thum hnai hnu-ah a kung insiam that lehna turin kumkhat tal chu hnai lova dah tur a ni.

   9. GALLS,LAC leh a dangte

(i) Galls hi Pistacia intergemina atang chauh a lak thin a ni.

(ii) Galls/Lac te hi lak hnuah rannung a chambang lo a nih tih finfiah ngei tur a ni.

(iii) A chhiat mai loh nan uluk taka dahthat tur a ni.

POST HARVEST MANAGEMENT OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

1. PRIMARY PROCESSING

Medicinal Plants te hi sengkhawm a nih hnu-ah bawlhhlawh kai te tihfai a quality tha tak, rei tak vawn a nih theih nan, a rang thei anga process a tha. A bul emaw a zung lam anih chuan a leikai te silfai tur a ni a, a tul dan a zirin a kawr paih emaw ziahfai tur a ni a, pho ro hma in tui a silfai leh tur a ni.

2. PHO RO

Medicinal plants sengkhawm te chu tha taka pho ro a nih hnu-ah chauh pack a, a thawnna tur emaw dahthatna hmun turah dah tur a ni. Medicinal Plants a, a zung emaw, a thlar lam chi te, a kung hnip (fleshy) te leh a hnah (eg.Aloe) te, a rah lam chi te, a par leh a thing lam chi Polysaocharides pai chi te reng reng hi a ro chian loh en ngun a ngai zual bik a ni. Medicinal plants process leh pho ro dawn a hriat tur pawimawh te chu :-

(i) Medicinal plants sengkhawm te chu a chhah lutuk emaw, a lian lutuk a nih chuan tha taka pho ro a nih theih nan pan te te/sin te te a chan nawi angai a, a chan dan erawh a inang vek kher lo a ni.

(ii) Dimdawih ngai tak chi leh aromatic parts te a nih chuan daihlim hnuai-ah pho ro a ngai a, a huh viau te a nih erawh chuan nisa ah pho hul mahse ro tha tur in temperature engzat a sang nge ngai tih leh darkar engzatnge ngai tih hrechiang chung a tih a ngai a ni.

(iii) Nisa a pho ro a nih chuan a tibawlhhlawh thei tu lakah venhim a ngai a ni.

3. A tha leh chhia thliar hran (Sorting & Grading)

Quality tha a mamawh dan a zir leh a thlai a zirin, a chhia leh a tha thliar nawn leh a ngai thin.

(i) Materials hi hmun hrang hrang atanga lakkhawm a nih chuan thliar nawn leh a ngai.

(ii) A tha leh chhia te thliar hran nan dawhkan hetiang hian siam a ngai a.

  (a) Dawhkan mi pariat (8) vel in thawl taka hna an thawh theihna tur a lian, a tlangpuiin feet 6 a sei leh a vang feet 3 vel a tawk a ni.

  (b) Dawhkan san lam chu stool a thu chunga hnathawh nuam tawk a tha.

  (c) Dawhkan chung atan plywood leh thing ai chuan aluminium tray hman a tha zawk a ni.

  (d) Tray chu inches 4 - 6 a thuk leh a tray mawngphah ah 40 mesh a lian in G.I. Wire phan tur a ni a, Dawhkan pakhat Kg 20 - 40 inkar a dawng zo vel a ni.

  (e) G.I. Wire phan hnuai lehah chuan sarang than emaw puan emaw in dawhkan hnuai pum chu bawlhhlawlh leh vaivut te tlak khawm nan tuam tur a ni.

  (f) Dawhkan hnuaiah pawh bawlhhlawh per vel lakkhawm awlsam nan sarang phah a tha.

  (g) Material thliar tur te chu tray ah chuan rualkhai taka semdarh tur a ni a, bawlhhlawlh dang reng reng thenfai a, a dahna tur bur/ip ah dah vat tur a ni.

4. PACKING AND STORAGE

   Medicinal plants sawngbawl sa te chu thianghlim taka vawn a, boruak hnawng leh lum lutuk ah dah loh tur. A pack-na tur atan ip hlui eg. Cement leh fertilizers bag ruak hman loh tur a ni.

   Medicinal Plants sawngbawl sa chi hrang hrang pack nan a hman tlangpui te chu :-

Damdawi hman tur chi	Damdawi dahna tur ip/bur/Box
A zung, a kung leh a hawng	1. Buara ip 2. Jute atanga siam ip 3. Nylon ip
Hnah lam chi	1. Jute atanga siam ip 2. Nylon ip, sarang pan taka thuah.
Thil bul ei chi lam leh chhah eg. Sawhthing, Aieng rah lam chi.	1. Jute atanga siam ip saranga thuah. 2. Nylon ip saranga thuah
A par	1. Box sarang a thuah 2. Lehkhakhawng box.
A hnai	1. Plastic bur phui tak 2. Box saranga thuah.
Aromatic plants	1. Plastic bur chhah leh phui tha.

   lutuk emaw, a lian lutuk a nih chuan tha taka pho ro a nih theih nan pan te te/ sin te te a chan mawi angai a, a chan dan erawh a inang vek kher lo a ni.

(ii) Dimdawih ngai tak chi leh aromatic parts te a nih chuan daihlim hnuai-ah pho ro a ngai a, a huh viau te a nih erawh chuan nisa ah pho hul hmasak phawt a, daihlim hnuaiah dah ro leh tur a ni. Hetianga tihro tur chi te hi a leitu duhdan hriat hmasak a pawimawh hle a ni.

(iii) Nisa hnuai a phoro tur reng reng chu pan tak a chawhrual vek hnu-a pho tur a ni a. Lei a pho mai lovin, tarpaulin emaw sarang hlai chi emaw pho nan hman a tha. Rual taka a ro theih nan a khat tawk a chawhleh fo tur a ni.

(iv) Pho ro lai hian enkawl ngun a ngai hle a, thenkhat chua thlai lam ah chuan khuh phui ngai chite, sarang kaw siar siar a khuh ngai chi te pawh a awm a, zan dai leh tibawlhhlawh thei laka ven nan a pawimawh a ni.

(v) Boruak lum hmanga tihro te, Oven hmanga tih ro emaw Solar driers hmanga tih ro te pawh a theih a, Medicinal thlai te dah khawm lai a hriat tur pawimawh tak tak a awm a.

1. Medicinal thlai dahna tur in chu sazu, sava leh rannung dang luhtheih lohna, hmun hulhar leh vaivut khu in a chim lohna hmun a ni tur a ni.

2. Store house chu thlai hming tar, remchang a siam tur a ni.

3. Medicinal thlai te chu thing Box a dah a nih loh chuan chhuatah dah mai lova chhuar emaw a dah tur a ni.

4. Medicinal thlai chi hrang te hmun hran theuhvah dah a, a karah chetna hmun thawl zuah a tha. Tin, ip emaw bur emaw pawh hman nise, thuah hnih bak dah thuah loh tur a ni.

5. Medicinal thlai te chu a that hun chhung ziak a tar a, a that lai ngei a hralh emaw process tur a ni a. A hlui dahchhiat a awm loh nan dah hmasak apiang tihral hmasakah hman a, engzatnge stock awm tih hriat theih nan record mumal tak vawn tur a ni.

6. Store house chhung boruak control theihna tur ruahmanna a awm ngei tur a ni.

7. Kangmei man hma chi a awm anih chuan a hranpa a dahna hmun siam a Inflamable tih tar ngei tur a ni.

        Prepared and Published by the Department of Horticulture, Mizoram.

Source : GUIDELINES FOR COLLECTION/HARVESTING AND POST - HARVEST MANAGEMENT OF

        MEDICINAL PLANTS

Issued by:Department of Horticulture

Mizoram,Aizawl

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